{"id":2355,"date":"2022-06-03T16:19:09","date_gmt":"2022-06-03T16:19:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/erkanpartners.com\/?p=2355"},"modified":"2022-06-03T16:21:39","modified_gmt":"2022-06-03T16:21:39","slug":"limited-sirket-mudurlerinin-mahkeme-karariyla-azli","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/erkanpartners.com\/?p=2355","title":{"rendered":"L\u0130M\u0130TED \u015e\u0130RKET M\u00dcD\u00dcRLER\u0130N\u0130N MAHKEME KARARIYLA AZL\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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6102 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Ticaret Kanunu\u2019nda (\u201cTTK<\/strong>\u201d) anonim \u015firketlere nazaran daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekte sermaye \u015firketi olarak d\u00fczenlenen limited \u015firketlerin y\u00f6netimi ve temsili \u201cm\u00fcd\u00fcrler\u201d taraf\u0131ndan icra edilmektedir. Bir limited \u015firketin m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc ya da m\u00fcd\u00fcrleri \u015firket esas s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ile belirlenebilece\u011fi gibi \u015firket kurulu\u015funun ard\u0131ndan genel kurul karar\u0131 ile de belirlenebilmektedir. M\u00fcd\u00fcrler, kanunla veya \u015firket s\u00f6zle\u015fmesiyle genel kurula b\u0131rak\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f bulunan y\u00f6netime ili\u015fkin t\u00fcm konularda karar almaya ve bu kararlar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctmeye yetkili ki\u015filerdir (TTK m. 623\/3).<\/p>

Limited \u015firket m\u00fcd\u00fcrlerinin g\u00f6revleri TTK\u2019n\u0131n 625 ve devam\u0131 maddelerinde ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede m\u00fcd\u00fcrlerin genel kurula devredilemeyecek g\u00f6revleri bulunmakla birlikte, t\u00fcm g\u00f6revlerini gereken b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00f6zeni g\u00f6stererek yerine getirmek ve \u015firketin menfaatlerini, d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck kural\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde, g\u00f6zetmekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcrler.<\/p>

M\u00fcd\u00fcrlerin kendi iradeleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda g\u00f6revden al\u0131nmas\u0131nda esas yetkili organ, genel kuruldur. Genel kurul, m\u00fcd\u00fcrleri g\u00f6revden alabilece\u011fi gibi m\u00fcd\u00fcrlerin y\u00f6netim hakk\u0131n\u0131 ve temsil yetkisini de s\u0131n\u0131rlayabilmektedir. Ancak m\u00fcd\u00fcrler, mahkeme karar\u0131yla da g\u00f6revden al\u0131nabilmekte ya da y\u00f6netim hakk\u0131 ve temsil yetkisi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131labilmektedir. Nitekim TTK m. 630\/2\u2019ye g\u00f6re her ortak, hakl\u0131 sebeplerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, y\u00f6neticilerin y\u00f6netim hakk\u0131n\u0131n ve temsil yetkilerinin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 veya s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 mahkemeden isteyebilir.<\/strong><\/p>

TTK m. 630\/2\u2019nin lafz\u0131ndan da anla\u015f\u0131labilece\u011fi \u00fczere genel kurul karar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda limited \u015firket m\u00fcd\u00fcrlerinin azlini mahkemeden isteme yetkisi limited \u015firket ortaklar\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle limited \u015firket m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn azli davas\u0131nda davac\u0131 olabilme ehliyeti sadece \u015firket ortaklar\u0131na tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00f6rne\u011fin, \u015firketin orta\u011f\u0131 olmayan di\u011fer bir m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcn b\u00f6yle bir talepte bulunma hakk\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir. Azil davas\u0131n\u0131n daval\u0131s\u0131 ise esas itibariyle azli istenen \u015firket m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc ya da m\u00fcd\u00fcrleridir. Ancak doktrinde davan\u0131n ortakl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler bulundu\u011funu belirtmek gerekir.[1]<\/a><\/p>

Limited \u015firket ortaklar\u0131, m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcn azlini mahkemeden talep ederken \u201chakl\u0131 sebeplerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d ortaya koymak zorundad\u0131r. E\u011fer mahkeme hakl\u0131 bir sebebin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kanaatine var\u0131rsa davay\u0131 reddedecektir.<\/strong> Hakl\u0131 sebep kavram\u0131, kendi i\u00e7erisinde mu\u011flakl\u0131k ta\u015f\u0131makla birlikte TTK m. 630\/3 h\u00fckm\u00fc hakl\u0131 sebebi \u201cy\u00f6neticinin, \u00f6zen ve ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k y\u00fck\u00fcm\u00fc ile di\u011fer kanunlardan ve \u015firket s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinden do\u011fan y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini a\u011f\u0131r bir \u015fekilde ihlal etmesi veya \u015firketin iyi y\u00f6netimi i\u00e7in gerekli yetene\u011fi kaybetmesi\u201d <\/em>olarak tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu tan\u0131mda iki unsur dikkati \u00e7ekmektedir. Birincisi e\u011fer kanunda ya da \u015firket s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde \u00f6zel bir y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck olmasa bile m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcn \u00f6zen ve ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k y\u00fck\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn ihlalinin hakl\u0131 sebep olu\u015fturmas\u0131 ve di\u011feri ise m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcn y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck ihlalinin \u201ca\u011f\u0131r\u201d olmas\u0131 gereklili\u011fidir.<\/p>

Limited \u015firket m\u00fcd\u00fcrleri, g\u00f6revlerini ifa ederken gereken t\u00fcm \u00f6zeni g\u00f6stermelidirler. Her ne kadar kanunda \u00f6zen y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne dair bir a\u00e7\u0131klama yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f olsa da madde gerek\u00e7esinde \u201c\u00d6zen, i\u015f ve i\u015flemlerde g\u00f6sterilmesi gereken dikkati, ciddiyeti ve bilimselli\u011fi ifade eder. Bir karar al\u0131nmadan \u00f6nce pazar ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131, finansal durum de\u011ferlendirmesi, bor\u00e7lara ve eti\u011fe uygunluk incelemesi yap\u0131lmas\u0131 bilimselli\u011fin ve modern y\u00f6netim ilkelerinin gere\u011fi olup, bu inceleme, ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve de\u011ferlendirmeler \u00f6zen kavram\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131m\u0131na dahildir.\u201d <\/em>ifadeleri kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buradan da kanunun limited \u015firket m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcnden bir nevi \u201cbasiretli\u201d davran\u0131\u015f sergilemesini bekledi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Hatta basiretli bir y\u00f6netici olarak \u015firketin menfaatinin ki\u015fisel menfaatlere ve ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n menfaatlerine feda edilmemesi, di\u011fer menfaatlerin arkas\u0131na konulmamas\u0131 istenmektedir. Gerek\u00e7e ile birlikte doktrinde de \u00f6zen y\u00fck\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn temel \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck kural\u0131 oldu\u011fu ifade edilmi\u015ftir[2]<\/a>.<\/p>

Bununla birlikte y\u00f6neticinin, \u00f6zen ve ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k y\u00fck\u00fcm\u00fc ile di\u011fer kanunlardan ve \u015firket s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinden do\u011fan y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerinin ihlalinin hakl\u0131 sebep olu\u015fturmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ihlalin a\u011f\u0131r olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/strong> Ne seviyede bir a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi kanundan a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a anla\u015f\u0131lamamaktad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla doktrin ve uygulama ile m\u00fcd\u00fcrlerin azlini gerektiren y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck ihlalinin \u00e7er\u00e7evesi olu\u015fturulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7amo\u011flu, \u201cm\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131n ve yetkilerinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 \u015firket a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ekilmez hale gelm[esini] ve somut ko\u015fullar[\u0131n] m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcn de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 adil g\u00f6sterecek d\u00fczeye ula\u015fmas\u0131[n\u0131]\u201d<\/em> yeterli a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan hakl\u0131 sebep olarak de\u011ferlendirirken[3]<\/a>, Ta\u015fdelen, “ortakl\u0131k ili\u015fkisinin devam\u0131n\u0131 objektif olarak imkans\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131ran veya bu ili\u015fkiyi \u00e7ekilmez hale getiren durumlar\u0131<\/em>\u201d hakl\u0131 sebep olarak ele almaktad\u0131r[4]<\/a>.<\/p>

TTK m. 630\/3\u2019te ge\u00e7en di\u011fer bir hakl\u0131 sebep ise \u201c\u015firketin iyi y\u00f6netimi i\u00e7in gereken yetene\u011fin kaybedilmesi\u201d halidir. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede limited \u015firket m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn tutuklanmas\u0131, askere al\u0131nmas\u0131, hastal\u0131k gibi nedenlerle g\u00f6revinden uzak kalacak olmas\u0131, g\u00f6revden azil i\u00e7in bir gerek\u00e7e olu\u015fturacakt\u0131r.<\/p>

Doktrin ve uygulama ile birlikte limited \u015firket m\u00fcd\u00fcrlerince, vergi beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n sunulmamas\u0131 ve bu sebeple vergi cezalar\u0131na maruz kal\u0131nmas\u0131, ticari defter ve hesaplar\u0131n usule uygun tutulmamas\u0131 ve bunun s\u00fcreklilik arz etmesi, rekabet yasa\u011f\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 hareketler, sadakat borcunun ihlal edilmesi, zimmete para ge\u00e7irme, hesaplar\u0131 d\u00fczg\u00fcn tutmama, \u015firketin devam eden bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7erisinde k\u00f6t\u00fc y\u00f6netilmesi, \u015firketin ticari itibar\u0131n\u0131n sars\u0131lmas\u0131, irtikap eyleminin i\u015flenmesi, ticari s\u0131rlar\u0131n if\u015fa edilmesi, genel kurul taraf\u0131ndan al\u0131nan kararlara s\u00fcrekli uyulmamas\u0131, \u015firket kar etti\u011fi halde uzun y\u0131llar boyunca kar da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lmamas\u0131 \u00a0halleri, m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fckten azil sonucunu do\u011furmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>

Limited \u015firket m\u00fcd\u00fcrlerinin azline ili\u015fkin davalarla ilgili olarak ofisimizle ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7ebilirsiniz.<\/p>

[1]<\/a> \u00d6rne\u011fin bkz. Oru\u00e7 Hami \u015eener, Teorik ve Uygulamal\u0131 Ortakl\u0131klar Hukuku, 4. Bas\u0131, Se\u00e7kin, 2019, s. 756.<\/p>

[2]<\/a> \u00dcnal Tekinalp, Sermaye Ortakl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n Yeni Hukuku, \u0130stanbul 2013, s. 527; Hasan PULA\u015eLI, \u015eirketler Hukuku \u015eerhi Cilt II, Ankara 2014, s. 2316; Murat Karan, Limited \u015eirket M\u00fcd\u00fcrlerinin Y\u00f6netim Hakk\u0131 ve Temsil Yetkisinin Hakl\u0131 Sebeplerin Varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Halinde Mahkeme Karar\u0131yla Kald\u0131r\u0131larak Azli, BKA Law, s. 29<\/p>

[3]<\/a> Ersin \u00c7amo\u011flu, Y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckteki ve Yeni T\u00fcrk Ticaret Kanunu’nda Limited Ortakl\u0131k M\u00fcd\u00fcrlerinin De\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi, Yakla\u015f\u0131m Dergisi, 2011, Say\u0131 220.<\/p>

[4]<\/a> Nihat Ta\u015fdelen, 6102 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Ticaret Kanunu\u2019na G\u00f6re Limited Ortakl\u0131klarda \u00c7\u0131kma \u00c7\u0131kar\u0131lma ve Fesih, Ankara, 2012, s. 180.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

6102 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Ticaret Kanunu\u2019nda (\u201cTTK\u201d) anonim \u015firketlere nazaran daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekte sermaye \u015firketi olarak d\u00fczenlenen limited \u015firketlerin y\u00f6netimi ve temsili \u201cm\u00fcd\u00fcrler\u201d taraf\u0131ndan icra edilmektedir. Bir limited \u015firketin m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc ya da m\u00fcd\u00fcrleri \u015firket esas s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ile belirlenebilece\u011fi gibi \u015firket kurulu\u015funun ard\u0131ndan genel kurul karar\u0131 ile de belirlenebilmektedir. M\u00fcd\u00fcrler, kanunla veya \u015firket s\u00f6zle\u015fmesiyle genel kurula b\u0131rak\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f …<\/p>\n

L\u0130M\u0130TED \u015e\u0130RKET M\u00dcD\u00dcRLER\u0130N\u0130N MAHKEME KARARIYLA AZL\u0130<\/span> Devam\u0131 »<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[73],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2355","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sirketler-hukuku-2"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/erkanpartners.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2355","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/erkanpartners.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/erkanpartners.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/erkanpartners.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/erkanpartners.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2355"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/erkanpartners.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2355\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2360,"href":"https:\/\/erkanpartners.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2355\/revisions\/2360"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/erkanpartners.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2355"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/erkanpartners.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2355"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/erkanpartners.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2355"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}